In the primitive era, rock paintings, line engravings, whether they are simulating natural realistic objects or decorative patterns, the description methods or modeling patterns are similar, and the lines found in the caves in the Nile River Basin and the eastern Mediterranean are all First outline the outline outside, and then describe it in a realistic way and engrave it into a line. With the development of the production tools, the rock carvings of the bas-relief nature are also promoted accordingly. The primitive nomads in northern China are in the Yinshan Mountains stretching for thousands of miles. There are a lot of rock carvings (or rock paintings) that record their life history. The rock carvings in this area are characterized by strong realism, mostly with cows, horses, goats, deer, tigers, leopards and other beasts and livestock. The original artists The picture is painted on the dense and clean black stone, and then the sharp hard stone is specially carved out to engrave the figure, which becomes the early performance of the stone relief art.
In the Neolithic Age, human beings invented pottery, and the molding techniques and decorative techniques related to pottery, which further promoted the development of sculpture form. In addition to the painted line paintings, the continuous advancement of pottery decoration also developed a decorative form with sculptural appearance. Three-dimensional prints, scratches, engravings and piles, and even ceramic sculptures with relatively independent embossing, embossing or openwork, archaeological data show that the ceramic sculptures that together with the stone sculptures constitute the rich features of the original sculptures include clay sculptures. In the Nile Valley, stainless steel sculptures in the two rivers, the Mediterranean, the western part of Europe, and China, and other vast areas of civilization, have achieved varying degrees of development.
After the disintegration of the primitive society, the art of embossing gradually prospered. In many ancient civilizations, the mausoleums built for praying for eternal life after death, the temples built for the sacrifice of ancestral gods, and the monuments built to celebrate the emperor’s merits are all grand and powerful. The majestic nature of the sculpture and the narrative expression of the painting are largely adapted to the ancient social life and spiritual orientation. It is a representation of the sacred world or the Eden-like heavenly ideal that people imagine. As well as recording major events in real life, it provides a powerful way and a vast world.
In the 25th century BC, Egypt had become a powerful centralized slave country, where a large number of reliefs were used to decorate mausoleums, temples and monuments. The Egyptians creatively used three typical poses (1 full front, 2 absolute) The side, 3 top view) to shape the embossed figure, and strive to create a quiet, mysterious and majestic atmosphere, the embossed style of "Naner slate", marking the formation of a long-lasting Egyptian art program, its simple The concise curve shape and geometric factors have been perfected in the ancient kingdom of Egypt. The strong linear shaping makes the relief and the FRP sculpture topic and the inscription of the inscription have the same meaning. Here, the hard and inscribed lines emphasize There is a spiritually symbolic “moving momentum” that is no longer limited to reproducing a realistic image and scene.
The creation of reliefs should be adapted to the needs of the building. At the same time, it should fully demonstrate its unique existence and value. The commemorative and thematic reliefs follow the principle of narrative composition and contain the symbolic meaning. It adapts to the monumental architecture. The expression of meaning has the function of extending the spirit of architecture. It provides a broad world for expressing people's aspirations, reverence, worship, and recording major events. Its form has been used and developed from ancient times to the present.
In the history of sculpture, the commemorative relief appeared in the prosperity of mankind after entering the slavery society. It is often used in the mausoleum built for the hope of eternal life after death, and is widely used to worship ancestors and gods. Built temples and monuments built to celebrate victory or celebrations, Ji Gongzhu and other monumental buildings, such as the Acropolis of Ancient Greece, Rome, the Arc de Triomphe and Jigongzhu of Paris, and the stone gate in front of the Assyrian temple in Egypt , stone pillars, obelisks, as well as ancient Chinese dragon gates, Yungang and other grotto statues, as well as the arches that can be seen everywhere, the Chinese watch, it is worth mentioning that these monuments made by ancient human civilization sculptures often have architecture, sculpture, Emboss and painting are integrated and organically linked.
As a decorative relief that landscaping the architectural makeup, it is also more attached to the main body of the building and thus exists. Decorative reliefs are always carved on the parts or partial surfaces of a building, such as door frames and windows. Edges, beams, walls, corners, etc. or other building surfaces, the triangular walls and long embossed bands of the Parthenon, the reliefs of the Arc de Triomphe in Paris and the Alfred, France, the modern art gallery of Paris Embossing is a successful example in this respect. The difference between decorative relief and thematic and commemorative relief is mainly in the treatment of the subject matter and the performance of the artistic conception. The decorative relief is generally not heavy on the plot description and narrative, nor is it intended to It is a major theme, but more of a sensational and pleasing sense of form. The content form and decorative parts are relatively free and lively. It emphasizes the attachment and elaboration of decorative objects, and emphasizes the adaptive function of spatial form. And the use of formal beauty and the use of decorative arts in terms of balance, symmetry, organization, repetition, etc., since the 20th century, the style of decorative relief Calendar from simple, abstract to pluralism and prosperity of the change process, is widely used in urban construction space, played a decorative construction, landscaping role of the environment.
